The Advantages of Being Legal

There are many arguments on the question of whether or not to legalize marijuana. The benefits of legalizing marijuana include its medicinal value and its many uses to produce commercial products like paper, rope, oil, textiles, and canvas. Another good reason to legalize marijuana is that hundreds of thousands of non-violent drug offenders are overpopulating prisons, costing taxpayers millions of dollars. Legalization would also put marijuana dealers out of business and it would bring revenue to the government like alcohol and tobacco does. Some opposition to legalizing marijuana is that traffic atalities would increase, and that more people like school teachers and bus drivers would be smoking legally purchased marijuana. They also believe that more young people would smoke more marijuana. Marijuana is medicine and has been used as medicine for thousands of years to treat a wide variety of ailments. It is one of the safest therapeutically active substances known. Marijuana is often useful in the treatment of cancer, AIDS, glaucoma, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy and chronic pain. For cancer patients, marijuana alleviates the nausea, vomiting, and loss f appetite caused by chemotherapy treatment. It does the same for people with AIDS. By reducing intraocular pressure, marijuana helps slow or halt the gradual increasing eye pressure suffered by glaucoma patients. Marijuana reduces the muscle pain and spastically caused by multiple sclerosis. It also helps some patients control their bladders. With some epileptic patients, marijuana prevents seizures. Marijuana is also a very effective pain reliever. Hemp, a plant mainly grown for its use as a fiber source, is from the same plant that produces marijuana. It is different because industrial hemp is grown with minute amounts of delta-9 and tetrahydrocannibinol, abbreviated as THC, which is the element in marijuana that gives the high sensation’. Industrial hemp is one of nature’s strongest and most versatile agricultural crops. It can be used to produce various things such as textiles, paper, clothing, plastics, cosmetics, food stuffs, insulation, and animal feed. Hemp seeds can be used to make high protein foods and the oil can be used to produce non-toxic paint, varnish, detergent, diesel fuel, ink, and lubricating oil. One acre of hemp produces as much fiber as two to three acres of cotton and one acre also produces as much paper as two to four acres of trees. The advantage of using paper products produced by hemp is that hemp’s growing cycle is around one hundred days, while it takes trees years to grow to produce the same amount of paper. Hemp was cultivated in the U. S. until 1937, when the Marijuana Tax Act outlawed marijuana. In 1942 the government encouraged American farmers to cultivate hemp for the war effort, but then in 1955 prohibitionists had reasserted a total ban on production. Now the DEA, Drug Enforcement Administration, remains firmly opposed to any notion of revising the federal laws to allow hemp’s domestic cultivation. Every year 400,000 Americans are arrested for marijuana and thousands of them are sent to prison. Marijuana users and dealers account for sixty percent of all prisoners today. Because of new anti-drug laws, these prisoners can be jailed for up to thirty years, and most are, even for minor crimes. Federal and State governments are spending billions to build more prisons to house hundreds of thousands of non-violent drug offenders. Legalization would kill the black market for marijuana. Marijuana sales would be regulated by state and federal governments. It would also help the economy by a reduction in law enforcement costs, and police could focus more on dangerous drugs such as cocaine, heroin, and crystal meth. Some people who oppose the legalization of marijuana say that traffic fatalities would increase. The myth is that 40% of drug related emergency room visits are marijuana related. The fact is that this statistic purposely excludes the legal drug of alcohol, a drug notorious for causing violence and accidents. A marijuana related emergency room visit does not mean marijuana caused the incident. If the patient admits to using marijuana days or weeks before the incident or if someone involved in the incident is found only possessing marijuana, then the emergency room admission is counted as marijuana related. At first, the amount of people using marijuana may increase. The idea that people like school teachers, day care providers, and bus drivers smoking legally purchased marijuana and endangering others is something that should not be worried about. Do these people drink alcohol before going to work or smoke igarettes during work They are mostly responsible adults and if they choose to smoke the legally purchased marijuana, they would do it responsibly. Most recreational marijuana smokers will continue to smoke even if marijuana is never legalized. I was forced to temporarily quit smoking because of the system. I used to occasionally smoke until my room was searched at the college I attended freshman year. I felt that my personal rights were violated when every room on my hall was searched after someone set off a firework. The search was conducted by a R. A. a person who is my age, and it was done without my roommate or I present. Nothing was left in plain sight, in fact, all of the paraphernalia was found in a backpack which was in a filing cabinet that was in my closet. I felt as though I did not commit a crime, but as though I was the victim. As former president Lincoln said, Prohibition goes beyond the bounds of reason in that it attempts to control a man’s appetite by legislation, and a makes a crime out of things that are not crimes. A prohibition law strikes a blow at the very principles upon which our government was founded.

Depression

INFORMATIVE SPEECH OUTLINE DEPRESSION JIMENA VILLEGAS SPC1017 INTRODUCTION Hook: How many of you are going through depression? Or do you have friends and/or family members who are going through depression? Thesis Statement: Today I will talk about depression. I will talk about the background, the causes of this disease, the symptoms and finally, the treatment and prevention of depression. BODY I. Background A. What is depression? 1. According to Dr. Jane Doe from www. health. yahoo. com, â€Å"Depression is a mood disorder that makes you feel sad or hopeless for a period of time†.Dr John Doe states in his article, The People Who Suffer from Depression that â€Å"Depression can have a significant impact on the enjoyment of your life, your work, your health and to the people who care about you†. Depression affects people differently. Some people feel down for a period of time and others feelings come and go. If you have short term depression you are still able to work and take care of daily activities. But if you have a long period of depression and don’t seek any kind of treatment; you are more at risk of becoming even more depressed or becoming physically ill. B.How many people are affected by depression? 1. According to the health professionals at, www. nmha. org. com â€Å"Depression has affected more than 19 million American adults each year. And yet, the non-reported sufferers of depression cannot be estimated. Depressive illness often interferes with normal functions of every day life, as well as, causing physical pain for those who suffer from depression. Serious depression can destroy family’s lives as well as the person affected. A lot of people, who are depressed, do not seek help or treatment†. II. Causes of depressionA. According to www. psychlogyinfo. com, depression is often caused by a stressful life event, illnesses, or certain drugs or medication. B. Depression can be caused by a serious loss, relationship prob lems, and work stress, family crisis, financial problems, or any unwelcome life change. III. Symptoms A. Depression is more than just the normal, temporary felling of sadness and hopelessness. It has other factors that your health care professional can help you with. B. Dr Jane Doe claims â€Å"Depression has other symptoms†. Her article on www. harvardmedical. com, provides many examples of symptoms.Here are a few from her list: a. Depressive mood. b. Not enjoying the daily activities in your life. c. Problems concentrating. d. Poor memory. e. Having trouble making decisions. f. Changes in eating habits. g. Weight gain or weight loss. h. Changes in eating habits. i. Difficulty going to work or taking care of daily responsibilities. j. Slow thoughts and speech. k. Feeling guilt and hopelessness. Wondering if life is worth living. l. Thoughts of death and suicide. IV. Treatment/Prevention A. Depression is usually treated successfully with professional counseling and/or prescri bed medication.People with depression can be treated as outpatients or in some cases a person has to be hospitalized. B. According to www. health. org. com, here are some ways to prevent you from becoming depressed. a. Try to be with other people. It’s better than being alone. b. Participate in activities that may make you feel better. c. Mild exercise. d. Going to a movie, a ballgame, or participating in religious, social, or other activities that may help. e. Most importantly let your family and friends help. CONCLUSION Today I’ve talked about depression. I’ve given you the background, causes, symptoms, and treatment options available for depression.According to the American Psychiatric Association, at least 3 in 10 people will become depressed in their lifetime. That means at least 30% of you could suffer from depression. Even though depression is a very stressful and serious disease, we should always protect ourselves from getting it. Always ask your family and friends for help. They can be the most helpful people in your life. Get treatment as soon as you can. Remember your loved ones are there for you. Don’t hesitate. Depression is a very dangerous disease that can affect your loved ones, and especially Depression Depression is not only a state of being sad, it is a disease that conquers the ability to feel emotion, whether good or bad, whatsoever. Depression not only involves the mind, it also involves the body and thoughts. Depression is not a disease that only influences males or children of the age three to eleven. Every human being is prone to depression. Although women are three times more likely to become depressed than men, men are five times more likely to commit suicide when depressed than women.Although all age groups are open to depression, teenagers are the most common to be heard of being affected by the disease. This is probably because of peer pressure and the changes in their life. One great risk for becoming depressed is if you smoke. Some scientists hold to believe that smoking may be linked to Depression. Tobacco smoke kills off an enzyme that is responsible for breaking down a nerve cell chemical that activates pleasure seeking behavior. Most experts believe a combination of family history (your genes) and stressful life events may cause depression.Genes: people whose family members have had depression are more likely to go through a depression period. Life events are a major cause of depression for example the lost of a loved one, had a baby (depression after birth), recently divorced, constant stress, substance abuse, or any other life changing event. How do you know if you are going through a depression? Well here are some symptoms: Sadness and loss of satisfaction in things once enjoyed are probably the most known symptoms. But some symptoms are sometimes overlooked. Guilt is one symptom that coincides with depression immensely.When feelings of guilt are put on a person they lose what hope they once had. They blame themselves for things that they are not accountable for and have extreme feelings of hopelessness. Other symptoms overlooked are insomnia and loss of appetite. Not getting enough sleep may be linked to stress and guilt. Feeling hopeles s, worthless or guilty. Losing energy or feeling tired all the time. Having problems concentrating, remembering, or making decisions and one of the most important symptom is thinking about death or hurting one self.Depressed individuals have shorter life expectancies  than those without depression, in part because of greater susceptibility to  medical  illnesses and suicide. There are three different types of depression. Major Depression is the most severe case of depression that there is. The symptoms for Major Depression are just like any other type of depression. To be Majorly Depressed you do not have to have been hospitalized or medicated. Lots of people get depression confused with extreme sadness. Depression is not a term just to be thrown around; it is a evere state of being. The diagnosis of major depressive disorder is based on the patient's self-reported experiences, behavior reported by relatives or friends, and a  mental status examination. Typically, patients a re treated with  antidepressant medication and, in many cases, also receive  psychotherapy  or counseling, although the effectiveness of medication for mild or moderate cases is questionable. Dysthymic Depression is a low level of depression that lasts up to at least two years and in most cases longer.When one is diagnosed with Dysthymic Depression they are very resistant to treatment. Although Dysthymic Depression is not as severe as Major depression it is still very important. Dysthymics will usually undergo a Major Depression episode sometime during their dysthymic period. Bipolar Depression, also known as, Manic Depression, is yet another type of Depression. This type has very different symptoms than that of Major Depression or Dysthymia. The symptoms of Bipolar Disorder are having both very high and very low mood swings.When one has Manic Depression one day they could be extremely happy and the next in a very severe depressive mood. This change in mood can happen over hou rs or over a period of time. Sometimes depression can be avoided all together. Having a good home life and a high self-esteem would be primary for people not to be depressed. Although in some cases you are predisposition to have depression, little things do help. Talking about your problems and not bottling them up helps immensely to avoid emotional breakdowns and blowups.Avoiding extreme â€Å"stressers,† like putting yourself in a situation you cannot get out of, also helps. Avoidance of cigarettes and alcohol also helps with staying healthy and happy. Offer goodwill to others, learn to detach from thoughts, keep busy, avoid feelings of guilt, live a balanced life, don’t base your happiness solely on other people, have low expectations, don’t dwell on the negative, exercise, get a regular sleep schedule, have healthy meals, and a very important one is to talk to a rofessional like a counselor or psychologist. [pic] Facts †¢ Almost 10 percent of Americans have depression in a given year. †¢ Depression is the leading cause of disability in the U. S. for people ages 15 to 44. †¢ Depression is one of the most common and treatable mental health disorders. †¢ Major depression can occur in children, teens, and adults. †¢ Most patients who have depression can be effectively treated, and they can return to their normal activities and feelings. †¢ Depression distorts your thinking.When you are depressed, your mind can play tricks on you. †¢ Depression makes you selfish. It's very hard to think of other  people  when you're wrapped in a prickly blanket of sadness, and all you can think about is your own pain †¢ People don't choose to be depressed, but they do make a choice about how to deal with it †¢ Depression can be as hard on your loved ones as it is on you †¢ In the United States, around 3. 4% of  people  with major depression commit  suicide, and up to 60% of people who commit suicid e had depression or another mood disorder

Pros and Cons of exercising Essay

Question 3: Do you agree that exercising is the only way to keep fit and healthy? When it comes to the the phrase ‘a healthy lifestyle’, many people often think of the gym as the only way to keep your body in shape. It seems difficult for them to achieve, and is often seen very negatively. However, exercising is not the only way. In fact, there are many ways to keep fit and healthy, such as having a regular diet, having enough rest, and keeping a positive mindset. Having a regular diet is one of the simplest yet hardest way to keep fit. It requires one to adjust the way they eat, and be cautious of their food intake. However, it may not seem as difficult as it may seem to be. For example, fish and chips seems very unhealthy, but there are ways to make it healthier. Baking it instead of deep-frying it, and just adding a few vegetables to go along with your meal would be an easy way to â€Å"neutralize† your unhealthy food. Make a few simple changes to your diet, and you would soon feel much healthier. To make sure your body has abundant energy to do your daily activities, having enough rest is very important. While you rest, your brain stays busy, and prepares you for the next day. Minimal deprivation of sleep takes a toll on your mood, energy, and ability to handle stress. Adults should sleep betweeen 6-7 hours each day. However, if one is not getting average sleep time, it is best to catch up on weekends where there is no work. Sleep should not be deprived of as it can affect your mental state, energy level and ability to focus. Lastly, having a postitive mindset can help boost one’s morale or motivation spirit. When one is postive about his or her life, he or she would be able to solve obstacles they face with ease as they are able to find ways to solve their problems rather than just dwelling over it. This helps keep both the mind and brain healthy. Rather than thinking that life is unfair, one should appreciate the many things that one has.

Finance and Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Finance and Accounting - Essay Example The companies’ compliance with IFRS standards can effectively help predict the future financial outcomes and reduce irresponsible cosmetic accounting practices. The company’s compliance with all International Financial Reporting Standards will translate to better prediction of forecasting future business outcomes. For example, the compliance with standards requires that the company present the historical sales amount s for the past two years. If the sales for 2010 is $ 250,000 and sales for 2011 is $295,000. Any keen financial statement analyst or reader can easily forecast next year’s forecasted sales will exceed $300,000, all other factors being equal (Wiley 14). Further, relevant and valid financial information (balance sheet, income statement, and statement of cash flows) must be relevant to the needs of the financial statement users. To relevant, the financial statements must comply with the predictive value tenets of the International Financial Reporting St andards. Consequently, the financial statement users can increase the reliability of the decision makers (Epstein 13). The International Financial Reporting Standards required that the financial statement should be prepared to enhance the decision making process (Jermkowcz 29). For example, International Financial Reporting Standards require the entities to report long term loans under the liabilities section of the financial reports. ... Compliance will make the forecasting activity more realistic (Porter799). In terms of forecasting value of the International Financial Reporting Standards, the financial reports should be prepared using the fair market value in recording sales or other related amounts. For example, the buyer agrees to the seller’s ?2,000 selling price pegged for one factory production equipment. Consequently, the factory production equipment is recorded in the company’s assets portion of the company’s balance sheet at ?2,000. The amount represents the customer’s fair market value of the purchased equipment. Specifically, the fair value portion of the International Financial Reporting Standards can be found in IFRS no. 2, IFRS no. 3, IFRS no 7, International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) no 16, IAS no. 39, IAS no. 40, as well as IAS no 41 (Walton 13). During the preparation of financial statements, there are many situations when International Financial Reporting Standar ds insists on focusing on ensuring the predictive or forecasting goals. For example, the standards describe the company’s financial assets as any resource that is controlled by the entity as a consequence of the entities’ prior transactions. Such asset items must have future economic benefits flowing into the business equation. Consequently, the standards require the companies to raise or lower their asset values, depending on external factors (Shamrock 8). (b) Creative accounting (causes, techniques, & effects) Cosmetic accounting causes trigger some impacts. The company’s desire to seek the bank’s approval of their long term loan applications prods the company to increase its revenues. Normally, banks base their loan approvals on

Evaluation of the website for ESOL program Essay

Evaluation of the website for ESOL program - Essay Example The website could be regarded as one of the few websites that are easy to maneuver particularly when accessing any kind of information required. Firstly, the website has eight main areas (segments) that have been incorporated with the most crucial information. Although it does not have the Frequent Asked Questions (FAQs) that is mostly found in university websites, people who visit the website for the first time could easily decide if they can use the program by simply going through the main literature. Secondly, in case interested persons are not fully satisfied with information that is currently present or they need more clarification, the website has provided contact information of various emails where more information is found. Notably, the overall appearance of the website is very attractive. Basically, the main colors (shade of blue and white) blend well with the main purpose of the website. In fact, it uses a simple theme to capture the attention of students /learners and other interested persons. Additionally, the graphics used to accompany the literature give emphases to the main concept of the website. In fact, the graphics gives the reader the chance to imaginably connect with most of the sceneries that are present in the website such as the three campuses, news and events connected to the university among others. It is for undoubted reasons that the website is an example of utilized diversity in most areas. In regard to the ESOL the university has confirmed that it is capable of offering learning opportunities to student speaking in 30 languages and from 30 countries. Simply put, the university embraces diverse culture which upholds dignity of human beings across the world. At the same, it serves as a marketing tool for the ESOL program and the university as a whole since not many universities embrace such wide culture

Profile Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Profile - Essay Example Therefore, his choice to make appearance in this profile leans on the interesting aspect of charisma and personality that is infused in his daily activities as noted in his hobbies. Alternatively, Aysha Janahi stands out because of his unwavering resolve to utilize his education as a tool to liberate his nation from the turbulence of the simmering Arab Spring. This actually compliments his optimism that is also observable in the inability to judge persons of non alignment in terms of sexuality and preference. In other words, Aysha comes as a young man who is ready to conquer the world despite the choking influences of his Bahrainian background. The above mentioned student was born in the Muslim dominated Bahrain on 3rd July in 1994 to a trader father and a housewife mother. According to their culture, Bahrain stands for two seas and young Aysha was able to grow smoothly with his two sisters as he watched his dad conduct his business and cook his dinners. However, because of his inabi lity to excel and conceptualize the subject of math, the young decides to migrate to American school where he enrolled for a course in Media Communication at the age of 18 only. Aysha is an outgoing boy who has relied on his parents for moral direction and mainly loves tanning in the sun, jet skiing and resting on the beach. He also has an addiction for shopping that makes him own several shirts that bear tags in his room (Stein & Paterno 2001, p. 67). In the same view, Aysha tries to adapt to the organic lifestyle by constantly working out and enjoys soccer with friends. However, the most interesting thing with this young man who would love to use his education to further the revolution is the ability to cook pasta. He learnt this habit after constantly watching his father prepare the dinner for him and his sisters much to their delight. Accordingly, Aysha Janahi is an accomplished young man with dexterity at playing football and a staunchly religious person. In the same respect, t he young man is an intrapersonal person who values the meeting of new people in order to expand his horizon of life. In fact, in his own words, he asserts: â€Å"I am the type of person that likes to get to know people. I am not shy. I care so much put people first.† This is also reflected in his flexibility to tolerate people with different perceptions of life without making irrational judgments. In others words, Aysha Janahi insists that he is a person who thinks situations positively instead of negatively in order to find better perspectives of life. Additionally, it is also critical to highlight the ability of Aysha to maintain their culture despite acquiring his schooling in a liberal university in American. This suggests that despite the exposure to a conflicting culture that normally alters the minds of most foreign students; he is able to retain his sense of integrity and dignity. Moreover, he is a reflection of the struggle of balancing the life a liberal nation. Thi s includes adapting to the lifestyle of munching barbeques, watching TV and sunning in the beach during summer while there is a background that is against most of the things. However, in stark contrast, Bahrain is steeped in the stringent conservative lifestyle that is akin to that of Saudi Arabia that does not permit lots of freedoms (Stein & Paterno 2001, p. 71). Aysha Janahi, as noted above, is a student of promise

Facebook Phenomenon Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Facebook Phenomenon - Essay Example These sites are defined as web-based services that permit people to create a semi-public or public profile in a bounded system; convey a list of other people who they share a connection with; and examine and navigate their record of connections and those of other users inside the system. Today, social network sites with varied technological affordances thereby sustaining a broad range of practices as well as interests exist in hundreds. Whilst the key technological features of these social network sites are consistent, the cultures emerging around them are different. Although most sites encourage pre-existing social networks’ maintenance, others assist strangers to hook up founded on shared interests, activities or political views. Moreover, while some sites take care of different audiences, others draw users based on nationality, common language or shared religious, racial, or sexual identities. This paper delves into Facebook, a popular social network that has taken the 19th century generation by storm. Introduction Facebook refers to a very popular internet phenomenon, primarily a site for social networking that allows individuals worldwide to communicate, share videos and photos as well as play such games as Oregon Trail, Scrabble and Chess. Facebook profiles are made up of a collection of small, java-based programs that one can add, and just like Mac, some of them link seamlessly to iPhoto, iTunes, and iCal. Unlike Mac, Facebook is free of charge (Mac Life, 2008). According to reports form Facebook users, on average, most people use between 10-30 minutes daily in Facebook and have between 150-200 friends on their profile (Ellison, et al., 2007). Gallaugher (2009) explains that Mark Zuckerberg, a student from Harvard, created Facebook in the year 2004 February and that Facebook was resulted from Zuckerberg’s drunken tryouts in his dorm room, with one of his experiments comparing his colleagues to farm animals, which almost led to his expulsion from the school. He was a sophomore in Harvard and in the weeks that he spent working on Facebook, he did not even have time to study for ‘Art in the Time of Augustus,’ a course that he was taking. He instead spent time creating a Website that contained every artwork in class and pinging his fellow students to put in to a common study guide. In a very short time, the acumen of crowds generated a sort of traditional Cliffs Notes for the module and following the appraisal of the Web-based crib pane, he championed the test. Later that year, Zuckerberg dropped out of Harvard. At first, the network was restricted for Harvard scholars. Phillips Exeter Academy, Zuckerberg’s high school, came up with the initial idea for the expression Facebook. The school passed the Face Book around to all students as a means of helping students to be acquainted with their classmates for the next year. During that time, it was an actual paper book and many colleges essentially gave stu dents printed facebooks, which included the students’ biographical information, study areas, interest areas among others. Zuckerberg introduced it to the internet and it was a great success. Within a fortnight, half of Boston’s colleges and universities and finally major corporations began requesting for the Facebook network. In four months’ time, Facebook included thirty new school networks. To assist in building Facebook, Zuckerberg recruited his friends Chris Hughes and Dustin Moskovitz immediately (Treadaway & Smith, 2010). By the time Zuckerberg was twenty-three years old, he had won the favor of Newsweek – he was appearing on their cover and they were profiling him on sixty minutes. Moreover, the tech world

US History Questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

US History Questions - Assignment Example The causes of the New Imperialism were economic, political and cultural causes. The economic causes involved the Western powers who were looking for sources for raw materials to run their factories. They were also looking for a future market to sell their manufactured goods and the Western bankers were looking for places to gain more profits. On the political front these Western powers were anxious for power and hence they believed that more land ownership meant more power. Having more land and colonies was also considered to be a status symbol; it showed strength and prestige of a nation. The cultural causes that led to Imperialism were the beliefs of the Western leaders. They believed that the best and strongest nation comes out only after they have faced struggle. Some racists believed that some races were better and superior to others. Some European leaders believed they had a duty to help and educate the African and Asian people. By the end of the 1800s the United States also to ok part in the Imperialism and colonial takeover. They defeated a Spanish fleet in Manila Bay and took over Philippines. They took over this territory claiming it was their obligation to civilize other parts and other people of the world. Americans had hidden motives behind this takeover. They eyed the Philippines as a stepping stone to reach the Chinese markets and they were also trying to prevent Japan to take charge of the area. United States did not treat those territories like they should have; they did not treat them morally like they claimed they would. This unit of our class examined the Progressive Era and World War I. Whether we were discussing world events or domestic problems (social problems, class issues, labor issues, technology, government, gender) it seems that all of the struggles of the era can be traced back to a few key questions: How do people live in a modern industrial society and what

Communication in International Management - 3 Essay

Communication in International Management - 3 - Essay Example In Germany, the government-owned postal service, Deutsche Post World Net, gradually utilises English as its official language. Much smaller firms are doing the same. The elevator maker, in Finland, known as Kone, assumed English in the 70s; Merloni Elettrodomestici, a midsized home appliance producer, in Italy, did so in the mid-90s (Blommaert, 2010). Management meetings at big banks like Credit Suisse in Switzerland, as well as Deutsche Bank, in Germany, are normally in English. Whereas there are many reasons why English has spread so fast globally and within Europe, a majority of these reasons are found on what critics term as econcultural grounds, that is, they are the consequence of the development of a world market, as well as global development in the fields of culture, science and technology and the media (Blommaert, 2010). A number of languages have been utilised all across the world as contact lingos for global trade and communication. In Europe itself, there have been a num ber of lingua francas as from the Roman times such as Greek, French, Latin, English and German. English, German and French are still widely used in parts of Europe and constitute what scholars refer to as the big languages of Europe (Tietze, 2008). For sure, in its strictest sense, the phrase ‘lingua franca’ appears to be compared to a pidgin in that it is a language with no native speakers. The phrase, English as a Lingua Franca (ELF), is mainly applied in this manner exclusively to refer the use of English between people whose mother tongue is not English. Scholars have added ‘B’ to ELF when it comes to using English in business contexts – Business English Lingua France (BELF) (Tietze, 2008). On to the thesis, this paper focuses on question 3, â€Å"implications of using English as a business lingua franca for businesses and native, as well as non-native English speakers.† The use of English The complication of the application of English, as a mother tongue, international language in non-English speaking parts of the world and also as a second language, has been acknowledged by Blommaert (2010), Brannen (2004) and Joseph (2004) and suggestions for transforming Crystal’s (2003) concentric circles structure of world English use to contain this complication have been proposed by Seidlhofer (2005) and more lately by Blommaert (2010) to consider the various, active roles of English in diverse parts of the world. For example, Tietze (2008) argues that in Germany, the Netherlands and Luxembourg, even though English is not the official language, it serves a number of commercial, social, educational and traditional functions, which rationalise classifying these nations as belonging to both Braj Kachru’s ‘outer’ and ‘expanding’ circles. It could likewise be claimed that Denmark and Sweden could gradually be seen as spanning these circles. In addition, the latest succession of 10 more natio ns to the European Union, in 2004, increased the nations in the ‘expanding circle’. This mobility of Europe’s borders and individuals within them, coupled with rising chances for regional trade, adds to the difficulty of language use across Europe and, without a doubt, provokes the development of a global language or languages. Global firms and international business commerce mainly imply a main need for individuals to converse across the globe, at least at a universally written and verbal level (Seidlhofer, 2005). Multilingual communication and translation are vital, but

Fanon's Fact of Blackness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Fanon's Fact of Blackness - Essay Example The black man has been given two frames of reference within which he has placed himself, these are: his metaphysics and his customs. The black man does not know the moment that his inferiority appears, it is part of him. The black man has an overbearing burden of being always conscious of his body. This reaction is almost automatic as noted in the text. Several laboratories have for years tried to produce a serum for â€Å"degenerification†; â€Å"with all the earnestness in the world, laboratories have sterilized their test tubes, checked their scales, and embarked on researches that might make it possible for the miserable Negro to whiten himself and thus to throw off the burden of that corporel malediction† (Fanon 111). When he passes and hears â€Å"Look, a Negro!† he is a bit disturbed but only manages a forced smile to hide his humiliation. He hears â€Å"Look, a Negro!† again; he becomes angry but does not show it. When he hears it again, he no long er can hide his indignation and all his efforts to laugh himself to tears are fruitless since he cannot do so. His anger wells up inside him more (Fanon 112). The black man can not continue laughing because he has learnt from legends, stories, history and historicity that, this is the reality. In the train, no one wants to sit near him. They sit two or three spaces away from him. When he moves towards the other person, the other moves away and â€Å"disappears.† The white man feels â€Å"nausea† when he is in the proximity of the black man. Since the black man feels responsibility for his body, race and ancestors, he subjects himself to an objective examination, this is when he discovers his â€Å"blackness† and ethnic characteristic; he is weighed down by what he discovered and among them are cannibalism, fetichism, intellectual deficiency and above all; â€Å"Sho good eatin’† (Fanon 112). Having been completely â€Å"dislocated† and unable to cope with the white man, he forces himself to move away from his own presence and turns himself into an object. Having rejected his conscience and emotions from being seered with a hot rod, he accepts his fate as it comes since he wants to be a man and nothing else. This helps him to be at peace with himself by accepting himself for who he is; â€Å"I was the grandson of slaves in exactly the same way in which president Lebrun was the grandson of tax-paying, hard-working peasants. In the main, the panic soon vanished† (Fanon 113). Everyone pretends to be friendly while pointing out the fact that they are not racist, nor do they approve of color segregation. The black man has noticed with great discomfort that they always mention his color when they say that they shall not treat him differently because of his color, or that it is not because of his color that the black man is less intelligent than the white folks! When they find fault in the black man, they always try to h ide behind the phrase â€Å"it is not because you are black.† In reality, it is the only reason. It is not surprising that the black man is utterly misunderstood because when he shivers with cold, the white boy thinks that the black man is â€Å"quivering with rage† (114). In this racist society, the black man experiences his being through others. Despite his efforts to forget and forgive the hostility of the white man, and to live in peace and harmony with the other, his â€Å"message† is flung back to him (115). He then decides to fight back with

Managing Diversity and Executive Motivation Incentives Essay

Managing Diversity and Executive Motivation Incentives - Essay Example Though external forces, such as the political or economic environments in which a company thrives, serve as the catalysts for business decision-making, it is often internal issues which require the intervention of human resources professionals to make the business more efficient and productive. HR managers must understand the importance of managing workplace diversity while also addressing the broader needs of executives in terms of providing them with the motivation needed to perform to strategic expectations. Ignoring diversity tends to reduce overall firm productivity, undermining strategic objectives, and further serves to create internal conflict between diverse staff members (Women in Management Review, 2005). This project highlights the efforts of contemporary HR managers in managing diversity and building executive-level motivations to perform. Practically every textbook referencing management theory describes the managerial process as a series of planning, organizing, leading and controlling as a viable model for management behavior (Nickels, McHugh & McHugh, 2005; Mathis & Jackson, 2005). Planning represents the preliminary steps necessary to reach a specific management goal, organizing involves the tangible coordination of activities and staff to reach said goals, while leading represents a more psychological element of management which involves creating a positive climate as both a mentor and mediator. Further, controlling involves establishing clear and concise business standards to determine whether the firm is reaching its goal targets and offering rewards or punishments if the identified staff is not being productive or performing to expectations. Having offered the definitions of traditional management in modern business, it is important to understand how human resources professionals take these characteristics and utilize them to boost efforts toward managing diversity and building executive-level motivations. The definition of management tends to illustrate that even HR professionals, in order to carry out their roles as guiding forces for staff members, must utilize the four elements of management to create a more rewarding business environment. Diversity management is quickly becoming a paramount objective for business leaders in most developed countries as diversity has been known to enrich group work and lessen the impact of potential internal disputes or conflicts between different staff members (Aoun, 2007: 67). Under the value model of diversity, each individual aspect of the organization is valued for what is specifically brings to the organization (Griffin & Moorhead, 2006), thus

Three Symbols in the Great Gatsby Essay Example for Free

Three Symbols in the Great Gatsby Essay â€Å"The Great Gatsby† to criticise America from straying from the â€Å"American Dream†. Typically the American society tries to follow the American Dream, which is a dream of a society that allows everyone, no matter what economic class they were born into, to be able to accomplish whatever they want with hard work. With this principle no matter their social class Americans should be able to accomplish anything. Fitzgerald thought that the American society wasn’t following the American dream; he successfully used symbols to criticize different aspects of American society, showing the weakness of each deviation from the American Dream. Many symbols were used, but the three most significant symbols were: the â€Å"green light†, the godliness of the eyes of Dr. T. J. Eckleburg and the sadness of the â€Å"Valley of Ashes†. Each symbol played a key role in Fitzgerald’s criticism. How did these symbols play a key role in Fitzgerald’s criticism of the American society that doesn’t follow the American Dream? The first of the three symbols, the green light, was a powerful tool in which Fitzgerald used to criticise the loss of the American Dream from the American society. The green light was important because it represented the endless â€Å"hope† of which the American Dream promises. The hope for a desire should never be lost if the American Dream is followed correctly; Fitzgerald showed that this isn’t always true in the American society by showing that Gatsby’s hope fades away when he realizes because of class distinction he will never be able to marry Daisy. Fitzgerald emphasizes this though Nick Caraway, his narrator, who observes: -â€Å"Possibly it had occurred to him that the colossal significance of that light had now vanished forever. † (The Great Gatsby, pg. 125) Fitzgerald used Nick to show as Gatsby begins to realize that Daisy will never leave Tom and go with him, that the green light slowly begins to fade and symbolically so does his hope, his hope was what kept him going and now it was gone he had nothing to live for. When Gatsby’s hope dies does his will to live dies also. Gatsby realizes that because he wasn’t born in the upper class he wouldn’t be able to accomplish his dream. A green light means go, but in this case Gatsby has had to stop, thus stoping his hope and his American Dream. Fitzgerald is then able to symbolise how the American Dream has â€Å"stoped† in the American society. How did this play a key role in the criticism of the American society? It allowed the reader to see that even though some Americans work their hardest for something they were still not able to accomplish their dream because of the class they were born into, this completely goes against the American dream thus allowing Fitzgerald to criticise the American society on this aspect of the American society. The eyes of Dr. T. J. Eckleburg symbolizing God’s eyes watching over the people played a key role in the criticism of the American society because the reader was able to view the actions of various characters as being contrary to what God would agree with. Fitzgerald could then use the reader’s dislikes of the behaviour of the characters to inturn dislike the society. The readers disliking the society allowed Fitzgerald to criticise the American society more effectively. In order for a successful criticism the reader needs to agree with the criticism. If a reader sides with the group that is being criticised they probably won’t agree with the criticism, but with Fitzgerald using the eyes of Dr. T. J Eckleburg he was able to make the reader dislike the society, and in turn the reader wouldn’t want to side with them. The symbolism of the eyes of Dr. T. J. Eckleburg was made clearer to the reader when Michales looked to the billboard in the following quote: -â€Å"Standing behind him, Michales saw with a shock that he was looking into the eyes of Dr. T. J. Eckleburg. †( The Great Gatsby, pg. 152 ) Michales realizing the symbolism of the eyes of Dr. T. J. Eckleburg allowed the reader to realize this symbolism too. The reader than could decide that some actions of some characters were immoral. Fitzgerald went on to write that the sign was faded. This symbolized that god was leaving the hearts of the people allowing the reader to find more fault in the American society. Why were the eyes of Dr. T. J Eckleburg one of the most important symbols in the criticism of the American dream? For Fitzgerald to show that the society was doing things against God’s will, depicts that what they are doing is very immoral. A religious reader will probably want to side with what God judges so they would also think that some characters in the American society were immoral. The reader would then be more against the American society allowing Fitzgerald to better criticise it because the reader won’t be trying to defend it if they were against it. The American Dream allows all Americans the same opportunities for self improvement. The Valley of Ashes was a key force in the criticism of the American Dream because it was used in two literary devices of setting and symbolism. Fitzgerald by establishing the setting in the Valley of Ashes allowed the reader to better relate to the working class because they could see a very detailed picture of the daily life of the working class. The Valley of Ashes depicts the working class as not getting the same opportunities as the upper class for self improve. The working class will probably stay in the working class forever and so will their children. Fitzgerald tells this with the use of his narrator Nick Caraway’s description of the Valley of Ashes -â€Å"But above the gray land and the spasms of bleak dust which drift endlessly over it†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (The Great Gatsby pg. 26) The bleak dust that â€Å"endlessly covers† the land symbolizes how the working class lives are static, non-changing. Fitzgerald by showing the poor conditions of the working class makes the reader feel pity for the working class, causing the reader to be against that aspect of American society that puts the lower class into poverty. The idea of someone not being able to accomplish something just because of the circumstances of which they were born shows the corruption of the American society. How was the Valley of Ashes one of the most important symbols for Fitzgerald to use in the criticism of the American society that follows the American dream? The Valley of Ashes showing the poor qualities of the working class makes readers realize that some Americans aren’t able to accomplish their dreams because of circumstances from when they were born goes against the principles of the American Dream. Fitzgerald was better able to criticize the American dream with the use of three symbols. His symbols allowed the reader to, better relate to his writing, use prior knowledge to help in the understanding of his criticism, have a visual picture of the working class, and realize the flaws of some characters in a religious sense. The green light played one of the most important roles because without out it the reader wouldn’t have realized that people in the American society that do try to follow the American dream and work their hardest sometimes aren’t able to accomplish their dream thus showing that America isn’t following the American Dream. The seconded of the most important symbols was the Valley of Ashes, without the valley of ashes the reader wouldn’t have realized that sometime a person isn’t able to accomplish something because of the status of which they were born. The last most important symbol used was the eyes of Dr. T. J. Eckleburg with this symbol Fitzgerald was able to move the reader against the actions of the American society because he showed that god was against the actions, if the reader was against the actions than Fitzgerald could criticise the actions of the American society more effectively because the reader would agree more with what he was saying. Without the above three symbols playing their key role in the criticism of the American society, Fitzgerald’s criticism of the American society not following the American dream wouldn’t have been as greatly done.

Huckleberry Finn: Themes of Religion

Huckleberry Finn: Themes of Religion Phyu Han Theme of Religion in Huckleberry Finn Relating to today’s Society In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Mark Twain makes a satire of some characters’ absolute faith in religion compared to other characters’ doubt that such beliefs are for real. Miss Watson and Widow Douglas both believe that heaven â€Å"good place† exists and they explain to Huckleberry Finn that the only way to get there is to pray and go to church every Sunday. â€Å"She told me to pray every day, and whatever I asked for I would get it. But it warn’t so. I tried it.† (Twain 8) On the contrary, Huckleberry Finn presumes that religion and faith are unrealistic because people cannot see them. â€Å"I went and told the widow about it, and she said the thing a body could get by praying for it was ‘spiritual gifts’.† (Twain 8) In relation to the issues concerning faith in religion in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain, there are still conflicts between faith in God, the Creator, and belief in scientific ideas in to day’s society. Currently in today’s world population, the religious â€Å"unaffiliated† category makes up the third largest group (Heneghan). This category consists of atheists, agnostics, and people with no evident religion (Heneghan). In present society, religion faces a new challenge known as scientific research. Many people still disagrees on whether the Creator has created and expanded the universe or if it was caused the initial Big Bang explosion (O’Neil). Scientists have continued to search for a definite answer. On March 17, 2014, scientists announced a Big Bang breakthrough that might suggest that the Big Bang did not occur as a simple explosion caused by hot and dense matter but was a highly ordered event (O’Neil). Scientists in South Pole working with a telescope called BICEP 2 detected gravitational waves that provides evidence for the universe’s rapid expansion known today as the Big Bang theory (O’Neil). The evidence found was that the univer se expanded faster than the speed of light when it was a trillionth of a trillionth of a trillionth of a second old (O’Neil). Christian scientists claim that the evidence ensures that there was a beginning (O’Neil). In terms of cause and effect, if there was a beginning, there must have been a beginner according to the Christian scientists (O’Neil). This struggle between religion and science relates to Huck’s disbelief in religion due to him not being able to see it. Huck Finn is especially realistic as he would not believe in religion for it could only give him ‘spiritual gifts’. Presently, people continue to be unsure of how the universe began and expanded to life. As a result, 16.3% of the world’s population currently is religious unaffiliated (Heneghan). In addition to the Big Bang discovery, recent findings show proofs to the authenticity of the Bible. Advanced Physics students of Leicester University tested out if Biblical dimensions of Noah’s ark in Genesis could hold 70,000 animals (â€Å"Students Surprised to Find Noah’s Ark Feasible†). In Genesis, there would have been 35,000 animals needed to be saved by Noah times two concerning males and females of the animals (â€Å"Students Surprised to Find Noah’s Ark Feasible†). The students constructed the ark based on estimated Biblical dimensions and found that the ark could have held 70,000 animals plus food and water (â€Å"Students Surprised to Find Noah’s Ark Feasible†). The result shows some truthfulness in the Biblical stories which provides confirmation to some aspects of the Bible. Widow Douglas believed in Biblical stories such as about Moses and the Bulrushers and she found importance in teaching Huck about them â€Å"After s upper she got out her book and learned me about Moses and the Bulrushers† (Twain 2). Religious stories are a part of the religion. If the stories are real, the religion itself could potentially be real. As well as Biblical stories, there are also proofs to Biblical descriptions of Earth’s structure. According to Genesis 7:11, when the Flood began, ancient transition zone water rose up through the crust and all the fountains of the great deep were broken up (â€Å"Water Deep in Earth’s Mantle†). A new discovery reveals that mineral of earth’s mantle material can store great amounts of water (â€Å"Water Deep in Earth’s Mantle†). This means that the subterranean Flood could have originated from ancient reservoirs in the upper earth mantle (â€Å"Water Deep in Earth’s Mantle†). Moreover, Scriptures suggests that Earth was created by God with water (â€Å"Water Deep in Earth’s Mantle†). The research reveals that the mantle could hold two oceans’ volumes of water (â€Å"Water Deep in Earth’s Mantle†). The idea opposing creationism, the idea that the universe and life originates from a grand design, is evolution. Evolution disproves the belief that all living things and the universe are created by God, the Creator. Scientists sequenced the genome of the vesper bats to identify the cause of their vast diversity (Going batty for jumping DNA as a cause of species diversity.). The researchers found jumping elements in their genome called DNA transposons (Going batty for jumping DNA as a cause of species diversity.). The results prove that changes and mutations in DNA cause evolution in living organisms (Going batty for jumping DNA as a cause of species diversity.). It also proves that different species of living organisms were not created by the Creator but organisms evolved into diversified species. In support of Darwin’s evolution theory, modern researches indicates that there are 338 known species of hummingbirds and they are still evolving based on habitats (Hummingbirds 22- million-year-old history of remarkable change is far from complete.). The conflict continues as Creationists in Texas education board refuses approval of a commonly used biology textbook due to the belief that the textbook portrays evolution as a fact and not as a theory (Rich). Several reviewers for the textbook refused to accept evolution and climate change as scientific fact (Rich). In today’s society, there are still disagreements on whether schools should incorporate creationism into their teachings. In regards of the state’s creationism law called the Louisiana Science Education Act, Governor of Louisiana Bobby Jindal allows the teachings of creationism in Louisiana public schools (Kopplin). Some people believe that this is wrong and that schools should not blur the lines of science facts and religious beliefs in their education (Kopplin). â€Å"If I catch you about that school I’ll tan you good. First you know you’ll get religion, too. I never see such a son.† (Twain 15) In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, P ap sensed that Huck will learn religion as along with education because schools in those times incorporated religion with education. Throughout history, there has been continuous conflict between religion and realism. People have always searched for truth and answers to the mysteries of creation and being. In today’s society, human beings call belief in religion, faith, because it is simply trust in its existence without actually knowing its existence as a fact. There have always been believers such as Miss Watson and Widow Douglas and doubters such as Huck Finn and Pap. The real question, though, is do human beings really need to know religion as a fact when it could make people behave better? In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Huckleberry Finn does not believe in the existence of religion but he was taught by religious people such as Widow Douglas that stealing is wrong. As a result, he developed a conscience and realizes he is stealing. For this reason, he calls stealing â€Å"borrowing† and only steals what he necessarily needs.

Business Analysis Of Foxconn Business Essay

Business Analysis Of Foxconn Business Essay The Foxconn Technology Group is specialized in computer, communications, consumer electronics, digital content, auto parts, and sales of high-tech enterprises 6C industry. With roots technology, manufacturing and forward-looking decision-making, Jau-Ji in Taiwan since 1974, particularly in 1988 in Shenzhen Construction, The Foxconn has expanded rapidly, with more than 90 million people and the worlds leading IT customer base, as the worlds largest The electronics industry manufacturer. Exports to the mainland in 8 consecutive years, ranks the top 200 list; 2010 among the Fortune Global 500 2010 No. 112. Leaders Terry Gou founded Hon Hai in Taiwan in 1974 with ten workers to make plastic parts for television sets. In 1988 Terry Gou opened his first factory in Mainland China, in Shenzhen, where his largest factory remains today. Terry Gou now owns 30% of the public company and was ranked 142nd on Forbes magazines 2007 list of the worlds richest people, with a net worth of US$5.5 billion. Scope of business operation The Foxconn leads through its competence, creativity, and teamwork. Its quest for excellence did not allow it to rest on the laurels of its past success, as with the increase in size comes the challenges of operating in a timely fashion. The Group has hundreds of subsidiaries and branch offices through Asia, Europe and the America. The strategy of having two RD Clusters they are based in Asia and the America are the major anchors where the RD teams are housed, where the laboratories are located, and where advanced research is performed. The three design and manufacturing zones that are located in Asia, Europe, and the America are where the design is implemented and final assembly is achieved in large scale/high efficiency/low cost/high quality via vertical integration. The Foxconn prides itself on its commitment to having zero inventory and on time delivery that adds value to existing products, develops new product line, and beats competition to the market, and where affordability me ets state of the art technology. Through its subsidiaries and affiliates worldwide, The Foxconn provides its customers with an all in one service and cutting edge IT products worldwide. Business Model Foxconns leadership is founded on the basis of maintaining a constant focus on Component Module Move and Service, a business model that was envisaged by its founder and CEO, Terry Gou. The Foxconn offers an extraordinary portfolio of capabilities on the design of components and modules that enables it to deliver a one stop solution from design and manufacture to logistics and to repair and maintenance across the globe. The five key tenets of to underlying business model -speed, quality, technology, flexibility, and cost efficiency have proven Foxconns sustainability that lies at the core of its quest for success. Products With its well established technology on molding and tooling, The Foxconn has evolved from being a manufacturer to an innovative technology developer and to becoming the industry leader in mechanical, optical, and electronic integration. It finds a new focus in a host of areas such as nanotechnology, heat transfer technology, wireless networking systems, green environmental technology, CAD/CAE, optical film, sputter technology, AMT, and networking chipset design. Establish itself in China improve the layout The Foxconn continue to enhance R D design and engineering service capabilities, gradually establish a China-centered, extended development to the rest of the worlds international territory. In the Pearl River Delta region, built in Shenzhen, Foshan, Zhongshan, Dongguan Science and Technology Park, and established the Shenzhen Longhua Global Logistics Manufacturing for the Group headquarters, its three business revenue year after year into the top ten enterprises in Shenzhen City, and the top ten tax annual tax contribution of over ten billion yuan in Shenzhen. Park is transforming into a new product R D and design center, the key manufacturing technology R D Center, new materials, new energy R D center, manufacturing equipment and tooling technology research and development center, product display / trade / logistics and distribution center and test base the amount of new products, and strive to become Shenzhen construction of national innovative city, the main driving force. In the Yangtze River Delta region, the layout in Kunshan, Hangzhou, Shanghai, Nanjing, Huaian, Jiashan, Changshu, etc., to form a precision connector, wireless communication components, CNC equipment, body parts, semiconductor equipment and software technology development and supply chain industry chain polymerization system, boosting the regional industrial structure optimization and upgrading. In the Bohai Sea region, the layout of Yantai, Beijing, Langfang, Tianjin, Qinhuangdao, Yingkou, Shenyang and other places, to wireless communications, consumer electronics, computer parts, precision machine tools, automation equipment, environmental technology, nanotechnology and other industries as the backbone for regional economic development and manufacture of kinetic energy transfer technology. In the Midwest, investment Taiyuan, Jincheng, Wuhan, Nanning, Zhengzhou, Chongqing and Chengdu, the focus on the development of precision mold, magnesium alloy, automobile parts, mechanical and electrical modules and other products, actively cooperate with the Rise of Central China, West National Development Strategy. Sophisticated technology to win the opportunity Continued to improve in precision molds, key components, modules and other products both electrical and mechanical integration of technology advantages, The Foxconn actively promote cross-technology integration, nanotechnology, precision optics, environmental lighting, flat panel display, automation, thermal acoustic magnetic, industrial measurement, semiconductor equipment, and other fields have achieved fruitful results. The Foxconn Nanotechnology Research Center of Tsinghua controllable growth of carbon nanotubes and application in the field, continue to achieve groundbreaking results. Group of independent development of industrial robots FOXBOT, in the global technology and manufacturing industry to win the subsequent advantages. The Foxconn testing center in South China and East China is the ILAC International Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation Organization, of which R D validation, product testing, simulation, experiments, and so is a world leading level. The Foxconn to actively create energy saving, emission reduction, green, recycling, green business and rigorously enforce the RoHS WEEE international environmental standards such as independent research and development LED energy saving lamps, energy-saving aluminum, intelligent all heat exchangers and other green products, to promote the production, living the quality of the environment and peoples livelihood continues to improve. The Foxconn has set up all over Papua, the United States, Europe and across three continents of the professional R D network, establish a sound platform for innovative mechanisms and Intellectual Property Management, 2009, to achieve 13,400 patent applications, of which 80% or more categories of invention patents, for 5 consecutive years were total patent applications listed mainland and the top three patent applications. Chinese enterprises become the wisdom of riding the right of the global technology industry pioneer. Feedback social care staff The Foxconn long-term commitment of Charities, 2008, earthquake in Wenchuan, has more than 7200 million for the donations sent to disaster areas. Accumulated over the years donated money to Over one billion NT Group, benefiting more than 30 provinces. Through the disability employment project, and actively explore solutions to social problems disabled; by a wide range of school-enterprise cooperation, and create hundreds of thousands of jobs. People-oriented, profit sharing, employees. Group than the terms of the labor contract law and the full labor contracts, both to purchase legal insurance for all employees, but also for the staff set up five security lines, and establish a comprehensive, multi-level security system employees. Through the allocated units, placements and other measures to motivate good employees, create a well-being, stability and development, the harmonious atmosphere. Foxconn and Tsinghua University, Peking University, National Taiwan University, renowned academic institutes such as cooperative education, and collaboration with local governments Enterprise University, set up different levels of training system for all willing to learn, willing to learn the staff continuing education, lifelong learning opportunities and conditions for the growth of the young talent pool to create institutional memory in order to display the stage and space. Hongfei miles, Fuji is Kang. Foxconn will continue to love and cultural tradition, fulfilling social responsibility, nurturing talent, innovation and development patterns, technological innovation and industrial restructuring challenges a higher goal, to create long-term, stability, development, technology, international of the companys long first-class Green Albert! Foxconn in China, Taiwan, Japan, Southeast Asia and the Americas, Europe and other places have hundreds of subsidiaries and representative offices of global logistics strategy, both R D, design and manufacture of three districts, the global assembly of delivery. Both R D (Time to market) Two R D refers to the Greater China and the United States as two major strategic pivot, set up R D team and research and development laboratories, pulse master technology to meet the Groups product development strategy and an important strategy for global product development customer needs for new product development, creating new growth global markets. Design and manufacture of three districts (Time to volume) Third District design and manufacture of the layout of the focus is mainland China as the center, at least three continents, Asia, the United States and Europe set up two manufacturing bases, with product introduction, design sample preparation, engineering services and high-efficiency low-cost high-quality large-scale vertical integrated manufacturing strengths to provide customers with the most competitive technology products. Global assembly of delivery (Time to money) Global assembly delivery refers to assemble a global scale to ensure the right products, timely, appropriate quality, appropriate to the goods delivered to the client specified location. To this end, with customer needs for global logistics distribution and channel building in order to reach to goods stock, not when the goods are zero inventory objectives. Goals for future Conduct SER on site audits for 200 suppliers identified as being at risk of non conformance Conduct the Conflict Minerals survey throughout the supply chain and require suppliers not to use those metals Drive all PCB suppliers to be certified ISO 14001 standard Drive 200 suppliers to conduct GHG reduction Cooperate with customers and suppliers to initiate the product carbon footprint program Chart below shows the organization structure of Foxconn Board of Directors General Manager Assistant General Manager Executive Vice President Sales Vice President Deputy General Manager of Production Technology Human Resources Finance Department General Administration Department Trade Division Static Division Electronics Division Marketing Design RD Engineering Technology Static Products Electronic Products Service Department Marketing Centre Group Marketing Centre About the Kingdee Kingdee International Software Group Company limited (stock code: 0268) is a lead software company in China specializing in the delivery of foot blade enterprise management software, middleware in the Asia Pacific region.It is also one of the fastest-growing independent software providers in the worlds first line of management in providing online, e-commerce services.Kingdee altar drive as its task to make progress in the management of standard software from it, nurture e-commerce, service its customers, promote Chinas management of pulse encoder device world.Customer first attitude, innovation, integrity and responsibility to reflect the groups core values. Kingdee services to enterprises and government information through its 54 branches, and in marketing and service partners, more than 1,500 consulting, technology and implementation services, and in concentrated demand around the world. It is already recognized by the International Data Co., Ltd. as the largest player in the SME m anagement software market in China in terms of market share of the four series of years, small and medium enterprises as the best in Asia for two consecutive years by Forbes Asia. Future prospects Kingdee IDC, was named as the SME ERP market in China for five consecutive years in Forbes Asias leading, the best in Asia in a million, one for four consecutive years, the best ability to Sofrware Award , the highest capacity management in China Software , Best Technical Innovation Software Award . In 2007, IBM invested Kingdee, as its strategic shareholders. IBM has been with the Groups cooperation incluind products, technology, consulting and marketing. The countrys economic stimulus measures, including plans invigrate electronic information industry, began to take effect in the second half of 2009. In response to the financial crisis, local enterprises have basic IT applications in a more emphasis on internal management, e-commerce, information technology, and industry consolidation, business transformation and upgrading, while the demand for IT consulting and services commensurate with the growth.The Chinese government has actively promoted e-government infrastructure and suppor t for the domestic software industry and the pharmaceutical industry of information technology development. The next four years, is expected to harvest time, and the results of these efforts in China in the manufacture of application software, middleware, e-commerce software development, investment, e-government software, medical and hospital management applications. In 2010, the Group is well prepared to seize the economic recovery and a strong software industry opportunity. It will continue to expand the program to different industries through market penetration and further into a service company, and extend the operation of the entire product lifecycle, thereby enhancing its core competitiveness, providing products and services, improve customer value. The team will enhance merger and acquisition to consolidate its active ingredients business management software and middleware in the area of leadership. The team will also further develop e-commerce, e-government, health care of i ts business, the Group will strive to build a global think tank best management practices to provide greater value in Chinese enterprises, government departments and non-profit organizations. Chart below shows the organization structure of Kingdee CEO Mr. Xu Shao Chun CFO Mr. Chen Deng Kun Non-executive Director Mr. James Ming King Non-executive Director Mr. Ho Ching Hua Independent Non-executive Director Ms. Yang Zhou Nan Independent Non-executive Director Mr. Wu Cheng Independent Non-executive Director Mr. Yeung Kwok On Independent Non-executive Director Mr. Gary Clark BIDDLE Company Secretary Ms. Ngan Lin Chun, Esther ACS Qualified Accountant Mr. Ho Ka Man, Barry CPA Audit Committee of the Board Ms. Yang Zhou Nan Audit Committee of the Board Mr. Wu Cheng Audit Committee of the Board Mr. Gary Clark BIDDLE Employees Conclusion So, we can see lots of difference between Foxconn and Kingdee in business operation, Business Model, Products and Goals for future and etc. The organization structure of Kingdee is smaller than the organization structure of Foxconn. The good thing about the Foxconn is the share in market is large than other company and the competition is strong in the world. And the advantage about Kingdee is the goals are the organization structure is more easy to change than MNC and the management of the company is more humanization. We need to learn the good things and the bad things from Foxconn and Kingdee. The good things can help us to improve ourselves, and the bad things came be the advice to warn ourselves. By the finally, the knowledge are limitless, we should learn more and more knowledge so that we can easy to find the job which we want to get. The information of Foxconn and Kingdee are a good part of the knowledge which we need to learn.

The Effects of the Internet on the Future Essay example -- Technology

The Effects of the Internet on the Future If every action has an opposite and equal reaction, then a huge branch-like system connecting information and people scattered into an abyss of nothing encompassed in a piece of desktop hardware and Glorified as "the Web", would actually be the opposite and equal reaction to the brain that sits and stares into it. Artificial Intelligence the demise of our own consumption, Why not? I definitely wouldn't call it a being of the lesser species either. Sure the Internet's soul purpose is to feed us but it feeds us whatever we want. Never again will we have to doubt our selves, instead of saying "I'll bet on it" you can say "hold on a sec." And pull out your pocket device to reference the Great Web. Freedom of information, or just the right amount to help control the masses, you decide. Dormant in the real time world, this artificial opposite yet equal being is very much alive within both the conscious and subconscious mind of the user. It changed the world and like all great tragedies a well delayed after shock has started taking place. October 30th 1938, Orsen Welles, who was 23 at the time, creates mass hysteria over the eastern coast during a radio broadcast on his Mercury Theater of the Air. Despite the disclaimer at the end of the broadcast over a million listeners panicked and fled into the streets. Some headlines include; -Many flee homes to escape gas raids from Mars. -Confusion caused by radio dramatization "War of the Worlds" was evidence radio needs "control by the Government". Senator Herring. The Senator then prepared a bill that would give the Federal Communications Commission permission to pass on every radi... ...er an entire generation of people living inside a world of electronic and neural connections. No more time wasted on the ever so slow method of physical interactions to achieve communications. A world where rumors are made in split second decisions. Like the Oklahoma City bombing being connected to the Waco tragedy and Ruby Ridge. Some of these conspiracy theories have even been acknowledged within the white house. This artificial life we've created might not be the robot many imagined back in the fifty's, but there is definitely signs of life within this infinite tree of brain matter and optical cables. Whether it be a nuclear attack or gas from Mars information will always cause a reaction to every action. I believe that the future has yet to take place and nothing is foretold, therefore anything is possible. The Effects of the Internet on the Future Essay example -- Technology The Effects of the Internet on the Future If every action has an opposite and equal reaction, then a huge branch-like system connecting information and people scattered into an abyss of nothing encompassed in a piece of desktop hardware and Glorified as "the Web", would actually be the opposite and equal reaction to the brain that sits and stares into it. Artificial Intelligence the demise of our own consumption, Why not? I definitely wouldn't call it a being of the lesser species either. Sure the Internet's soul purpose is to feed us but it feeds us whatever we want. Never again will we have to doubt our selves, instead of saying "I'll bet on it" you can say "hold on a sec." And pull out your pocket device to reference the Great Web. Freedom of information, or just the right amount to help control the masses, you decide. Dormant in the real time world, this artificial opposite yet equal being is very much alive within both the conscious and subconscious mind of the user. It changed the world and like all great tragedies a well delayed after shock has started taking place. October 30th 1938, Orsen Welles, who was 23 at the time, creates mass hysteria over the eastern coast during a radio broadcast on his Mercury Theater of the Air. Despite the disclaimer at the end of the broadcast over a million listeners panicked and fled into the streets. Some headlines include; -Many flee homes to escape gas raids from Mars. -Confusion caused by radio dramatization "War of the Worlds" was evidence radio needs "control by the Government". Senator Herring. The Senator then prepared a bill that would give the Federal Communications Commission permission to pass on every radi... ...er an entire generation of people living inside a world of electronic and neural connections. No more time wasted on the ever so slow method of physical interactions to achieve communications. A world where rumors are made in split second decisions. Like the Oklahoma City bombing being connected to the Waco tragedy and Ruby Ridge. Some of these conspiracy theories have even been acknowledged within the white house. This artificial life we've created might not be the robot many imagined back in the fifty's, but there is definitely signs of life within this infinite tree of brain matter and optical cables. Whether it be a nuclear attack or gas from Mars information will always cause a reaction to every action. I believe that the future has yet to take place and nothing is foretold, therefore anything is possible.

Freedom and Equality in the Comparison of Political Systems Essay examp

Freedom and Equality in the Comparison of Political Systems ABSTRACT: The notions of freedom and equality in a group are precisely defined in terms of individual exertions of influence or power. Freedom is discussed in the version ‘freedom from’ influence rather than in the version ‘freedom to do’ what one wants. It is shown that at the ideal conceptual level complete freedom implies equality. Given the plausibility of the definitions this shows that political ‘folk rhetorics’ in which freedom and equality often are put in opposition are misled and misleading. Quantitative notions of ‘more freedom’ and ‘more equality’ are introduced and shown to be independent of each other. The bearing of these conceptual exercises on the comparison of political systems is discussed. During the last 5000 years the competition and contest of large, human communities or political systems, of which modern states are the pressing example, often was decided by a simple, `evolutionary' mechanism: war and force. However, the increasing destructive power of artifacts which are developed with the help of scientific knowledge seems to diminish the importance of this device—at least among communities with a somewhat rational leadership. For the mere use of modern techniques increases the risk of self-destruction even for that party which otherwise would be said to have won the `contest'. In this situation it would be desirable to have other, less violent criteria to check whether some political system is better than another one. If we could compare the quality of political systems in a purely conceptual way the practical competition among systems could be reduced to attempts at enlightening the citizens of the respective other system. Recent views... ...y remain unchanged. In particular this shows that freedom and equality—even if both are defined in terms of power—yield different criteria for the ranking of political systems. The fact that both these notions can be defined in terms of power does not imply that the comparison of political systems in these two dimensions can be `reduced' to one, more basic criterion formulated in terms of exertions of power. References W.Balzer, 1990: "A Basic Model of Social Institutions," Journal of Mathematical Sociology 16, 1-29. W.Balzer, 1993: Soziale Institutionen, Berlin: de Gruyter. W.Balzer, 1994: "Exchange versus Influence: A Case of Idealization," in B.Hamminga (ed.), Idealization VI: Idealization in Economics, Poznan Studies in the Philosophy of the Sciences and the Humanities Vol 38, Amsterdam: Rodopi, 189-203. S.Lukes, 1974: Power: A Radical View, London.

Organizational Effectiveness

Organizational Effectiveness â€Å"Researchers analyzing what CEOs and managers do have pointed to control, innovation, and efficiency as the three most important processes managers use to assess and measure how effective they, and their organizations, are at creating value (L. Galambos, 1988)†. Control is essential over the external and internal environment by knowing what the demand for a business is. A tool to help make these decisions with control is to conduct a trend analysis. An analysis will reveal patterns be it internal or external of an organization.To identify current patterns along with the status of the organization managers are able to determine how to restructure the business in or to produce product or services in the most efficient way possible. This may include adding additional skills, technologies, or current assets to the current workforce anything that will produce the best output of an organization in the most efficient way. An organization must be inno vative when introducing their product or services to the market.This may require management to demand radical changes to the organization by improving or changing processes, advertising, and just acquire the capability to adjust to any environment the organization has to confront be it internal or external. An organization does not need to use the three methods to assess and measure organizations effectiveness it would depend on what needs attention, but it is always good for an organization to know the health of their organization pertaining to the three measures. Table 1 (Jones. , 2010) L-3 communications. Revenue: Over $5 bil. Employees: Over 10,000 Fortune 1000, Fortune 500, Russell 3000 Industry: Aerospace & Defense , Consumer Electronics , Consumer Goods , Manufacturing SIC Codes: 3663 NAICS Codes: 334220 L-3 is a prime contractor in Command, Control, Communications, Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (C3ISR) systems, aircraft modernization and maintenance, and nati onal security solutions. L-3 is also a leading provider of a broad range of electronic systems used on military and commercial platforms.Our customers include the U. S. Department of Defense and its prime contractors, U. S. Government intelligence agencies, the U. S. Department of Homeland Security, U. S. Department of State, U. S. Department of Justice, allied foreign governments, domestic and foreign commercial customers and select other U. S. federal, state and local government agencies (Company Profile, 2013)†. Currently L-3’s concern is to operate in an efficient manner to maintain and increase their target market.L-3’s similar companies are Raytheon Company, Lockheed Martin Corporation, Northrop Grumman Corporation, and The Boeing Company. They are giants in their field and are companies that are veterans to the profession. With a majority of veteran companies, the challenges are similar with L-3 the continually changing environment. Example: the changing t echnology, changing target markets causes the reluctance of change in the internal cultures of these large companies and L-3 is not immune to this challenge.The best approach to use for L-3 is the metrics that would help improve organizational effectiveness. This is the internal system approach see [ Table 1 (Jones. , 2010) ]. This method includes improving the communication process between the levels of management. Elevate problems in a timely manner to upper management. The internal health of the company is beneficial information ( be it negative or positive) quickens decision-making process which in turn allows the organization to continue with planed processes.One of the main issues to correct is the workforce to shift into using new tools, processes, and just looking at the organizations requirements differently for the organization is changing, nothing is consistent with change. This constant change without training causes decrease in motivation, create conflicts and certainly prevents L-3’s output to its’ market, and in the end a delay in output to the market does disrupts the external environments. Thus, processes need to be re-evaluated and restructured.Replacing the aging tools with current tools results in a streamline and automates processes. â€Å"The Benefits of Process Automation: Improved Efficiency. Many business processes span systems, departments, or even external business partners. Manual effort, poor hand-offs between departments or partners, and the general inability to monitor overall progress results is a significant waste for most processes. Process automation eliminates or significantly reduces these problems with a resultant reduction in labor hours, time span, and increased throughput.Increased Productivity. By automating processes that are currently being implemented manually, individuals can work more efficiently and can take on new or additional workloads. Process automation allows us to rise to the challenge of be ing asked to do more with less. Shorter Cycle Times. Time is money. By automating processes, they are kept moving, hand-offs are facilitated, consistency is assured, and cycle times to complete the process are shortened. Getting the product or service to the end user or to market quicker can result in significant financial benefits.Consistent Process Implementation. Consistency comes from having a documented process that is understood and followed every time. Process automation makes the process easy to understand and enforces adherence to the process steps. This eliminates missed steps often found in manual processes, resulting in consistent, reliable measures that assist in making decisions and implementing process improvements. Corporate Governance and Compliance. Process compliance, regulatory compliance, and corporate governance are ever increasing in importance.Organizations must demonstrate consistency and show that effective controls and business monitors are in place to ens ure processes are sound and will provide financial accountability, visibility, and reduce risk and fraud. Process automation can help your company with compliance issues surrounding regulations like the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, Combined Code for Corporate Governance, Bilanz Reform, and more. Noncompliance or lack of adequate controls can cost your company big-time.Process automation ensures your processes are followed as they are laid out. Ability to Quickly Implement Change. Another benefit of automated process is that the reliable, consistent information provided can enable you to recognize the need for change or improvement quickly and then be able to make that change and put it into effect in a faster and more controlled manner than you could with a manual process. The ability to change quickly provides an important business advantage. Improved Customer Service andSatisfaction. Customers are much more satisfied when they receive timely, top quality products and services. Process auto mation enables you to build consistency into your products and services, facilitate continuous improvement, and get the product or service to your customer faster. Happy customers are repeat customers. Reduced Costs and Improved Profits. All of the above benefits result in direct bottom-line results of reduced costs, ability to take on more work, and improved profitability.All things any company is seeking (A. Moudry, 2013)†. To establish organizational effectiveness, management L-3 needs to focus on structuring their workforce, internal employee management systems, and the organization and abilities (including the organizational culture) to the plan. This is a crucial point to any strategy and engagement from all involved dictates whether organizational effectiveness, management is a success. References: A. Moudry, J. (2013, March 16). Real Benefits of Automated Processes.Retrieved from NEXTGENPINEW. COM: http://www. nextgenpinews. com/files/Real%20Benefits%20of%20Automated%2 0Processes. pdf Company Profile. (2013, March 14). Retrieved from L-3: http://www. l-3com. com/about-l-3/company-profile. html Jones. , G. R. (2010). The Organization and Its Environment. In G. R. Jones. , Organizational Theory, Design, and Change, Sixth Edition. Prentice Hall. Copyright  © 2010 by Pearson Education, Inc. L. Galambos. (1988). â€Å"What Have CEO’s Been Doing? †. Journal of Economic History, 18, 243–258.

Infant Observation Essay

It is 8:30am when Dj wakes up, as he is waking up he is rolling around in his waking up he is rolling around in his mother’s bed stretching and babbling, a mixture of mama and dada with a high pitch scream as loud as he can, his mother says hey sleepy head good morning, Dj turns over sits up on his knees smiles at her then he falls backwards back onto the pillow babbling again. Mom yells out pamper change Dj continues to babble, mom grabs him lays him down in front of her, as she is changing his pamper; he is turning over, putting his hands down trying to grabs/touch his private part, after mom says no-no he starts rolling over again trying to get up and get off the bed. It is 9:05am and Dj is done getting his pamper change, so his mother puts him down on the floor in hallway, then she closes the doors to the other rooms and to the bathroom. Dj is still sitting in the hallway on the floor looking around and at the bookcases that are in the hallway, he rolls on his tummy to get on his hands and knees to crawls over to the bookcase; before he gets to the bookcase; his mother runs to grab the vases the are on the bottom shelf of the book case and sits them up higher; Dj looks up to watch, he when he reaches the book case he pulls himself up, now he is standing there banging on the shelf screaming and babbling while looking in the mirror that is behind the bookcase. He has been standing there for three minutes, and then he gets down and crawls into the living room, when he reaches the living room he sees his older brother and sister sitting on the floor watching TV. When they noticed him the started saying â€Å"good morning Dj†, â€Å"hey man-man†, DJ smiles and starts crawling fast with head down toward them, as he reaches them he grabs his sister’s shirt to pull himself up, as he is doing that he is screaming, then his brother started saying â€Å"aww mommy† he stepping on me, Dj starts screaming with a smile on his face while turning his head around to see if his mother is looking at them. While Dj is standing there he is pulling down on his sister’s shirt swinging his arm at his brother’s head trying to hit him who laying down next to them. Ten minutes goes by as Dj is still playing, suddenly he stopped playing because the catches his attention it was Mickey Mouse club house, he stands there watching TV for fifteen minutes. The time is now 10:30am when mom yells out breakfast, everyone gets up a runs to the kitchen, Dj watches as everyone go into the kitchen then he started to crawl that way until his mother called his name and said eat-eat as she was walking toward him to a chair he was crawling pass to sit in. Dj is now standing up holding on to his mother knees rocking back and forth humming with food in his mouth; he’ll crawl away and come back for another bite of his pancake he continued to do this until his food was gone. After everybody finished eating the older siblings went into their play room, Dj dropped down to the floor to see where they went then he followed them. I followed him through the hallway pass the book case and into the play room, after he goes into the room he goes straight to the toddler chair to pull himself up, after he stands up he starts to scream and look around the room and reaching for his brother’s face swinging his arm again. Dj saw his sister sitting in the chair next to him playing a handheld game, he steps around the chair he was holding on to and steps to the other chair where his sister was sitting, he reached his hand on to touch her game when she said no Dj. He continued to reach; she continued to say stop and no. Dj reaches his arm out to reach for the bed that was behind the chair he was holding on too, after he grabs the bed he walks along side of it to go to the nightstand at the end, he pulls the top drawer open to find the clothes that were in it, all of a sudden he starts scream as he is turning his head to look around the room as he pulling the clothes out and throwing them on the floor at the same time. After the drawer is empty Dj hears his name being called so he turns his head around to see who was calling him, when he turned around he saw his mother standing in the doorway saying â€Å"no-no you busy little baby†, he looks at her; smiled and dropped down to the floor and started crawling to her with a smile on his face, when he reached her he grabbed her pants pulled himself up, then started playing by pushing her backwards, after two-three steps mom picks him up and walks away to change his pamper.

Human Resources Essay

Human resources involves a wide variety of activities related to the arrangement and implementation of organisational policies, the requirement of opportunities for monitoring, evaluation and change and the application of resources to the fulfilment of organisational ends. Aspects of ‘people management’ include: * The recruitment, retention and dismissal of staff. * The training, development and promotion of staff. * Liaison with employee organisations and trade unions. These are areas with which the human resources staff is involved. The overall purpose of the human resources function can for that reason be identified as: * To attract and retain good high-quality staff. * To ensure that the organisation operates within the law in relation to employment and health and safety. The Philip Markham organisation believes they will not be successful if they do not have the commitment of all staff and intend to look after all their employee’s needs through the functions of the human resources department. Finance The overall contribution of the finance function can be grouped in to three main areas: > Preparing accounts. > Preparing wages and salaries. > Obtaining capital and resources. Philip Markham employs ten members of staff in the finance department. The department makes sure internal customers receive the money they are owed and customers pay their bills. To keep control of finances the organisation allocates different department budgets and expects them to keep to there planned levels income and expenditure. Finance also has the task of preparing all the accounts each year so that they comply with legal responsibilities to the Inland Revenue. They also complete VAT returns to HM Customs and Excise. Pete Martin the management accountant at Philip Markham is responsible for checking that production levels and sales are on target. He advises all internal customers who are the directors, about the current financial health of the organisation on a weekly basis. An additional responsibility for the finance function is advising the organisation about more money for the purpose of expansion to buy raw materials or expensive equipment so it can remain competitive obtaining extra finance, called CAPITAL at the best rates possible. Production The contribution production makes to the overall business is to make a product and provide a service. The core function of the production department is to obtain the resources required by the organisation and transform those into a product. The production function is also concerned with organising the resources to produce the goods and service in the most appropriate way. Philip Markham carry out three different operations in their production department, these are as follows: > Purchasing > Manufacturing > Despatch The layout of the production area has been designed to maximise the flow of materials when producing the shirts from cutting to finishing. The cutting area is near to the stores so that materials can be transported the minimum distance. Quality control is extremely important to Philip Markham and each team cutters, machinists and finishers is responsible for ensuring that quality is right at every stage of the process. The shirts and ties pass to the packing department, which is part of despatch. All items are boxed and labelled and goods linked to the correct paperwork and the dispatchers that each box includes the correct delivery note and advice note for the haulier. Also part of the production function is purchasing staff and the designers. Purchasing is responsible for obtaining the best quality fabrics at the best prices and making sure all raw materials are delivered on time. Sales and Marketing The contribution sales and marketing makes to the overall business is to identify what the customer needs and providing it. The activities of sales and marketing include: > Market research – to find out what customer’s need and customer opinions on proposed and existing products or services. > Promotion – to inform the customers that their particular organisation can fulfil these needs. > Sales – to provide the goods or service the customer thinks he or she needs. The contribution of sales and marketing is vital in that it directly influences the number of sales that are made and as a result the profitability of the company. Each functional area operates to support the business aims and objectives and a range of activities goes on in each one. How the functional areas interact with one another is important. For an organisation to be efficient and effective there must be links between the people who work in different functional areas, especially when their activities overlap. Philip Markham is aiming to set up an e-commerce site to sell classic menswear and their objective is to be the leading British supplier of this type of clothing on the Internet within the next two years and double sales home and abroad within the same period. In order to achieve such a particular set of aims and objectives the organisation will need the support of a representative from finance, production and sales and marketing. The finance representative can present all the facts and figures that need to be considered when exploring this venture. The overall budget set-aside for web-page development and marketing is à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½80,000 in the first year. Tina the financial manager believes this is generous given the financial position of the company. She believes it will be vital to control costs of setting up this new venture and to focus on those products that will bring in the most profit for the company. Her key consideration is that the site should be secure (identified by a padlock symbol), as payments will be made over the Internet. She has also advised that because VAT regulations differ, a separate order form would need to be completed by purchasers from abroad. The site would have to have a communications link with finance as all payments must be logged, collected and recorded by finance before orders are fulfilled by dispatch. Finance would have to notify dispatch when payments had been received. Only then can goods can be sent. The production representatives Tariq Choudrey (Production Director) and Marsha Webb (Manufacturing Manager) have concerns about the Internet site. Marsha believes there is a limit as to how much production rates can increase to meet additional orders without sacrificing quality. Details which need to be addressed are as follows: > The cutting tables – new tables have been requested for two years. They are essential if orders increase at a cost of à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½15,000 each. > The eleven sewers produce on average five shirts a day each. The maximum which can be produced without additional staff is seven unless quality is sacrificed. > The three finishers spend a lot of time on special orders. More staff will be needed in this area unless the website only allows for ‘standard orders’. > The despatch manager advises unless more mechanisation is introduced more staff will be needed if orders have to be completed quickly. > It would be easier to sell knitwear and overcoats on the website most of which are supplied by other companies. However the suppliers of knitwear and overcoats would need at least two months notice if the volume of orders were going to increase substantially. The manufacturing manager supports the overall ideas but stresses it is absolutely no use trying to sell goods which cannot be produced in a reasonable time period as this would do more harm than good to the company’s reputation. Production need to be involved in the communication process at all times unless they are fully aware of what is happening at all times there wont be any goods to sell. The sales and marketing function are excited by this new venture. Jade Marsh (sales and marketing director) would like to see the task of setting the website given to a professional web development firm who are likely to charge à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½40,000 to à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½50,000 for a site with multi-media images. This will be vital to show the type of fabric that can be selected, the colour and the designs especially for the ties. The site must be user-friendly quick to access and use and that it can cope with a large number of ‘hits’ without crashing. She believes the key date for it to be finalised is September, so that the company can benefit from Christmas orders. In order for the site to be marketed it will cost money, it must be registered with good search engines. She would like to have special offers to tempt visitors to return again. All stationary must be reprinted to include the website address. During the first year the site needs advertising as widely as possible. The sales and marketing director believes that the e-commerce should be located in marketing (as it is a method of selling goods). Ideally she would like two more staff, one to join the mail-order team and be responsible for Internet orders and another to join customer services in case there are any problems with goods sold over the Internet. She believes this would minimise communication problems as all sales will be controlled in one area. She estimates that the company could sell 200,000 shirts and 150,000 ties if a good job of setting up and marketing the website was accomplished. The human resources function is concerned about three main aspects. > Where the website operations will be controlled. > How the website will be developed. Kim Fields the administration and IT service manager believes she should have control of website operations as she is IT manager especially as computer staff are responsible to her. She believes maintenance of the site will be crucial, it is important to set it up fairly quickly and then it can expand. Kim considers the most sensible route for website development would be to hire their own multi-media web developer to set up the page and sub-contract specialist parts to an outside firm if needed. In addition a programme/copywriter would be needed. The software and other associated costs would be about à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½10,000. Having these staff would mean that the website could be continually updated in house. Keith is concerned about the effect on staff, he is anxious that the mail-order clerks should be trained to be able to print off and process orders arriving through the website as well as carrying out their current job. He thinks they will need extra help at busy periods such as Christmas. If the website is to be successful than eventually another member of staff may be required. He believes it to be more sensible to move this group of staff to the HR/Admin department so there would be better communications with the computer staff. Keith considers any communication problems during planning the stages can be solved by regular meetings between the IT and sales staff. Finance will also need to be included. Philip Markham has always aimed to produce menswear of excellent quality at affordable prices. The fabric used for shirts is of highest quality and designers aim to produce new designs each year. The functional areas which relates to these aims is the production department, finance department, human resources and sales and marketing. The first action to take would be in human resources the company needs to recruit the best people for the job including cutters, machinists, and finishers and look after them whilst they work. The finance function make sure that a budget is maintained when buying materials, paying wages and embarking in market research when embarking on achieving these particular aims. The finance function can give up-to-date information on the level of expenditure at any time. The production function uphold quality control at Philip Markham ands each team cutters, machinists and finishers is responsible for ensuring that quality is right at every stage of the process. Production is responsible for obtaining the best quality fabrics at the best prices and making sure all raw materials are delivered on time Human resources relates to these aims because their function is to recruit and train staff to meet all customer needs in relation to providing a service. The function incorporates company policy to treat employees fairly and equally in all aspects relating to their employment. A content workforce will achieve a friendly atmosphere and staff are keen to help consumers as well as each other.